Chemical Engineering @ UP wiki - User contributions [en]

Tools

2015-08-06T12:15:11Z

Spammer:

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PH Loop

2010-11-10T09:38:44Z

Spammer: /* Wiring diagrams */

[[File:Pmc02ph_rig.JPG|500px|right|thumb|The pH control rig]]
PH control is a difficult problem due to the highly non-linear nature of the system. The steep slope of the titration curve around the pH = 7 point amplifies pH variations for even small base/acid addition variations. The pH control rig in the [[PMC lab]] illustrates that pH control is by no means impossible (albeit on a laboratory scale).

== Current/Previous projects ==
=== 1999 ===
F.J. Botha, '''Ondersoek van die Dinamiese Gedrag van Sisteme waar pH Gemeet en Beheer word''' {Investigation of the Dynamic Behaviour of Systems where pH is Measured and Controlled} 
[Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder]
=== 2003 ===
T. Leeuw & G. Mascini, '''pH Rig 2003 - CPL780 Process Control Laboratory''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/CPL%20Lab%20Report%20-%20pH%20Rig%202003%20.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/ Project files]
=== 2005 ===
A.J. Swanepoel & M. Swanepoel (Botha), '''Model Based Control Laboratory, pH Control''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/CML%20732-%20M%20&%20AJ%20Swanepoel.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/ Project files]
=== 2007 ===
C. Steyn, '''Fuzzy Logic Rule-Based Controller Design, Neutralization of Strong Acid with Strong Base''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/pH_Control_CWSteyn.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/ Project files]
=== 2009 ===
A.H. Campher, '''Maintenance, Modelling and Control of the pH-control Rig''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/CML732_Report_AH_Campher_2009.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/ Project files]
=== 2010 (Current) ===
A.B. De Jongh, '''Control of a pH neutralisation system using Gain Scheduling ''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/publicftp/lab/Rigs/02_pH/2010/pH/CML732_Report_AB_deJongh_2010.pdf Report] |
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/ Project files]

== Documentation ==
Large scale renaming of instruments, valves and tanks is being done. This renders all previous rig diagrams obsolete. Only 2009-updated diagrams should henceforth be used.
=== Piping & Instrumentation diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_P&ID_2010.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_P&ID_2010.pdf .PDF]

=== Wiring diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_WiringDiagram_2010.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_WiringDiagram_2010.pdf .PDF]

== Rig maintenance ==
The maintenance of the pH rig is documented [[PH Rig Maintenance|here]].

PH Loop

2010-11-10T09:38:06Z

Spammer: /* Piping & Instrumentation diagrams */

[[File:Pmc02ph_rig.JPG|500px|right|thumb|The pH control rig]]
PH control is a difficult problem due to the highly non-linear nature of the system. The steep slope of the titration curve around the pH = 7 point amplifies pH variations for even small base/acid addition variations. The pH control rig in the [[PMC lab]] illustrates that pH control is by no means impossible (albeit on a laboratory scale).

== Current/Previous projects ==
=== 1999 ===
F.J. Botha, '''Ondersoek van die Dinamiese Gedrag van Sisteme waar pH Gemeet en Beheer word''' {Investigation of the Dynamic Behaviour of Systems where pH is Measured and Controlled} 
[Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder]
=== 2003 ===
T. Leeuw & G. Mascini, '''pH Rig 2003 - CPL780 Process Control Laboratory''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/CPL%20Lab%20Report%20-%20pH%20Rig%202003%20.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/ Project files]
=== 2005 ===
A.J. Swanepoel & M. Swanepoel (Botha), '''Model Based Control Laboratory, pH Control''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/CML%20732-%20M%20&%20AJ%20Swanepoel.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/ Project files]
=== 2007 ===
C. Steyn, '''Fuzzy Logic Rule-Based Controller Design, Neutralization of Strong Acid with Strong Base''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/pH_Control_CWSteyn.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/ Project files]
=== 2009 ===
A.H. Campher, '''Maintenance, Modelling and Control of the pH-control Rig''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/CML732_Report_AH_Campher_2009.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/ Project files]
=== 2010 (Current) ===
A.B. De Jongh, '''Control of a pH neutralisation system using Gain Scheduling ''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/publicftp/lab/Rigs/02_pH/2010/pH/CML732_Report_AB_deJongh_2010.pdf Report] |
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/ Project files]

== Documentation ==
Large scale renaming of instruments, valves and tanks is being done. This renders all previous rig diagrams obsolete. Only 2009-updated diagrams should henceforth be used.
=== Piping & Instrumentation diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_P&ID_2010.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/02pH_P&ID_2010.pdf .PDF]

=== Wiring diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_WiringDiagram_2009.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_WiringDiagram_2009.pdf .PDF]

== Rig maintenance ==
The maintenance of the pH rig is documented [[PH Rig Maintenance|here]].

Acetone Flashing

2010-11-10T08:05:45Z

Spammer: /* Current/Previous Projects */

[[File:Pmc01acetone_rig.JPG|400px|right|thumb|The acetone flashing rig]]
The acetone flashing rig uses a flash drum to separate a mixture of acetone and water.

== Equipment List ==
* Pumps supplied by [[J B Stamp]]

== Current/Previous Projects ==
=== 1999 ===
M.J. Venter, '''Asetoon Flitsdrom''' {Acetone Flashdrum}. Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder.

=== 2001 ===
M.J. Venter, '''Acetone Flash System'''. Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder. [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2001/ Software Files]

=== 2003 ===
G. Ritchie & P.D Nel, '''Acetone/Water Flash Drum Experiment'''. Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder. [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2003 Software Files]

=== 2004 ===
S.B. Madolo, '''Acetone-Water Flash Rig'''. [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2004/Report%20Files/ Report Files] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2004/ Software Files]

=== 2005 ===
# C.D. Brown, '''Acetone/Water Flash'''. Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder. [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2005/ Software Files]
# N. Mqadi, '''Modeling and Control of the Acetone-Flash Drum'''. [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2005/Acetone%20report%20rig%202005.doc Report File] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2005/ Project files]

=== 2006 ===
P. Hart & D.F. Grobler, '''Flash Distillation'''. [Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder]

=== 2009 ===
L.C. Jones, '''Modelling and Control of Acetone/Water Flash Distillation'''. [Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder]

=== 2010 ===
R Mbatha, '''Physical challenges and elecctric instrumentation trouble shootig guide'''. [Hard copy available in the folder]

== Documentation ==

=== Piping & Instrumentation diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/Unit%2001%20-%20Acetone%20flash%20P&ID%20%28rev%203%29.pdf P&ID]

=== Wiring diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/Unit%2001%20-%20Acetone%20flash%20ILD%20%28rev%202%29.pdf Wiring Diagram]

=== Additions to Process Laboratory Handbook ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/01_Acetone/2009/Jones%20LC%20-%20Additions%20to%20Process%20Control%20Laboratory%20Handbook.doc Additions to Handbook]

== Rig Recommendations ==
Repair the steel partition between the acetone and the water feed tanks.

Move the water feed control valve from the recycle to the main line.

Investigate the thyristor operation. Input from software signal has no effect on the output of the thyristor power. The ammeter reading on the heater panel remains unchanged.

Install a sight glass onto the flash drum that operates independently of the differential pressure cell. This will allow for easier calibration of the cell and confirmation of the tank level during controller set point changes and disturbances.

The differential pressure cell has an offset to its zero value (mA reading). This reading should be checked using the multimeter and incorporated into the opto.offset .

The electro-pneumatic (E/P) transducers for control valves CV-001 and CV-003 are in good working order. The E/P transducer for CV-002 failed at the end of the module and needs replacing. The E/P transducer for CV-004 does not operate to its full span, a 20 mA signal does not convert to the correct pressure signal to the control valve.

A flash drum level steady state was difficult to achieve. The bottoms flow out of the flash drum was significantly less than what the pumps can supply to the drum. The flow into the drum was minimized by manipulating the drum inlet hand valve HV-005 and the bottoms control valve CV-003 was set at 80% opening to achieve steady state. Assumption made that debris is lying at the bottom of the drum or in bottoms pipe line causing difficulty in emptying the drum.

PH Loop

2010-11-10T06:26:02Z

Spammer: /* Current/Previous projects */

[[File:Pmc02ph_rig.JPG|500px|right|thumb|The pH control rig]]
PH control is a difficult problem due to the highly non-linear nature of the system. The steep slope of the titration curve around the pH = 7 point amplifies pH variations for even small base/acid addition variations. The pH control rig in the [[PMC lab]] illustrates that pH control is by no means impossible (albeit on a laboratory scale).

== Current/Previous projects ==
=== 1999 ===
F.J. Botha, '''Ondersoek van die Dinamiese Gedrag van Sisteme waar pH Gemeet en Beheer word''' {Investigation of the Dynamic Behaviour of Systems where pH is Measured and Controlled} 
[Hard copy of report available in pH rig folder]
=== 2003 ===
T. Leeuw & G. Mascini, '''pH Rig 2003 - CPL780 Process Control Laboratory''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/CPL%20Lab%20Report%20-%20pH%20Rig%202003%20.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2003/ Project files]
=== 2005 ===
A.J. Swanepoel & M. Swanepoel (Botha), '''Model Based Control Laboratory, pH Control''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/CML%20732-%20M%20&%20AJ%20Swanepoel.doc Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2005/ Project files]
=== 2007 ===
C. Steyn, '''Fuzzy Logic Rule-Based Controller Design, Neutralization of Strong Acid with Strong Base''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/pH_Control_CWSteyn.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2007/ Project files]
=== 2009 ===
A.H. Campher, '''Maintenance, Modelling and Control of the pH-control Rig''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/CML732_Report_AH_Campher_2009.pdf Report] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2009/ Project files]
=== 2010 (Current) ===
A.B. De Jongh, '''Control of a pH neutralisation system using Gain Scheduling ''' 
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/publicftp/lab/Rigs/02_pH/2010/pH/CML732_Report_AB_deJongh_2010.pdf Report] |
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/2010/ Project files]

== Documentation ==
Large scale renaming of instruments, valves and tanks is being done. This renders all previous rig diagrams obsolete. Only 2009-updated diagrams should henceforth be used.
=== Piping & Instrumentation diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_P&ID_2009.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_P&ID_2009.pdf .PDF]
=== Wiring diagrams ===
[http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_WiringDiagram_2009.vsd .VSD (Visio)] | [http://ragnarok.up.ac.za/Rigs/02_pH/02pH_WiringDiagram_2009.pdf .PDF]

== Rig maintenance ==
The maintenance of the pH rig is documented [[PH Rig Maintenance|here]].